Case 209
Country: BulgariaYear: 2007
Court: Sofia Court of Appeal
Citation: Decision No. 209 on Case No. 161/2007
Health Topics: Chronic and noncommunicable diseases, Diet and nutrition, Health care and health services, Health systems and financing, Medicines, Mental health, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Right to health
This case has been affirmed on appeal to the Supreme Court of Cassation. The Plaintiff was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1998. As part of her treatment, she was prescribed hormone medication and received a mastectomy. At one point, she was prescribed Zoladex, which which causes temporary cessation of ovarian function. . Although prescribed this medication, …Read more
L. v. Lithuania
Country: LithuaniaYear: 2007
Court: European Court of Human Rights
Citation: App. No. 27527/03, 46 Eur. H.R. Rep. 22 (2008).
Health Topics: Health care and health services, Health systems and financing, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Freedom from discrimination, Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, Right to bodily integrity, Right to family life, Right to privacy
The applicant was registered as female at birth in 1978 but regarded himself as a male from an early age. In 1997 he sought medical advice and was diagnosed as transgendered. Lithuania adopted Article 2.27 § 2 of the Civil Code, which provided that unmarried adults had the right to undergo medically endorsed gender reassignment …Read more
Case of Van Kuck v. Germany
Country: GermanyYear: 2003
Court: The European Court of Human Rights
Citation: Applications no. 35968/97
Health Topics: Health care and health services, Health systems and financing, Medicines, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Right to due process/fair trial, Right to privacy
The applicant instituted proceedings before the District Court to change her forename to Carola Brenda. The District Court held that the conditions under the Transsexuals Act were met and granted the request in 1991. In 1992, the applicant brought an action against a German health insurance company. She claimed reimbursement for hormone therapy and sex-reassignment …Read more
De’Lonta v. Angelone
Country: United StatesYear: 2003
Court: 4th Circuit Court of Appeal
Citation: 330 F.3d 630 (2003)
Health Topics: Health care and health services, Medicines, Prisons, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment
The Appellant, Ophelia Azriel De’lonta (born Michael A. Stokes), a Virginia inmate suffering from gender identity disorder (GID) (also known as gender dysphoria or transsexualism), brought suit against the Respondents, the Director of and doctors at the Virginia Department of Corrections (VDOC), alleging that they inflicted cruel and unusual punishment on her, in violation of …Read more
Van Kück v. Germany
Country: GermanyYear: 2003
Court: European Court of Human Rights
Citation: Application No. 35968/97; (2003) 37 EHRR 51
Health Topics: Health care and health services, Health systems and financing, Mental health, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Right to due process/fair trial, Right to privacy
The applicant was registered as a male at birth. In 1991, The District Court granted the applicant’s request to change her forenames to Carola Brenda after hearing from several psychiatric and psychological experts who determined that the applicant was a male-to-female transsexual and had been for the last three years living as a female. In …Read more
X, Y and Z v. United Kingdom
Country: United KingdomYear: 1997
Court: European Court of Human Rights
Citation: App. No. 21830/93, 24 Eur. H.R. Rep. 143 (1997).
Health Topics: Child and adolescent health, Health care and health services, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Freedom from discrimination, Right to family life, Right to privacy
Applicants X, Y and Z were all British nationals. X is a transsexual who has undergone gender reassignment surgery to become a man. He has lived with Y, as her male partner, since 1979. The couple applied jointly for, and was granted treatment by AID to allow Y to have a child Z. X was …Read more
B v. France
Country: FranceYear: 1992
Court: The European Court of Human Rights
Citation: Application No. 57/1990/248/319
Health Topics: Health care and health services, Hospitals, Mental health, Sexual and reproductive health
Human Rights: Right to family life
The applicant’s (B) gender was registered with the civil status registrar as male. Right from an early age, the applicant adopted female behavior and was considered a girl by her siblings. She completed her military service in Algeria and moved to Paris, working in a cabaret. She was treated in a hospital for a month …Read more