The Petitioner, Stamen Filipov, challenged several provisions of the Law on Insurance (the Law), which required owners and the users of motor vehicles, aircrafts, ships, motor powered boats and railway vehicles to conclude insurance contracts. Filipov challenged these compulsory insurance provisions on the basis that they forced parties to conclude contracts they did not agree …Read more

A medical provider was accused of having provided unnecessary medical services paid for by the mandatory healthcare and benefits insurance regime of Belgium, in violation of Article 73 of the Law relating to mandatory healthcare and benefits insurance (“Healthcare Law”), which prohibited the provision of unnecessarily expensive or superfluous services. The medical provider contested the …Read more

Petitioners filed a writ petition arguing that the environment of Dhaka City and the health of its inhabitants were under threat from the “emissions of hazardous smokes and noises in the air from faulty and unfit motor vehicles lacking road worthiness as required by law.” An investigation conducted by the petitioner and the Executive Committee …Read more

Applicant Mr. Zdzislaw Nitecki was a Polish national diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, in 1976. In June 1999, he was prescribed the drug Rilutek to treat his ALS. He appealed to the Kujawsko-Pomorski Health Insurance Fund (“Fund”) to reimburse his out-of-pocket costs, noting that, as a pensioner, he …Read more