The Court evaluated the constitutionality of article 19, para. 2 of the legislative decree 25 July 1998 no. 286 (Consolidating act on Immigration and Norms concerning the Status of Foreigners) (the Decree) which implicitly allowed the expulsion of a foreigner entering Italian territory without documentation and staying for the sole reason of completing essential medical …Read more

In July 1980 the appellant, who was 12 years old at the time, was struck on the head by the bag of a schoolmate and collapsed. The appellant was seen by a general practitioner who referred him to Western General Hospital, the first respondent, where he was placed under the care of Mr. Jensen, the …Read more

North West Lancashire Health Authority (the Authority), the Appellant, appealed against an order quashing the Authority’s decision to refuse gender reassignment treatment to A, D and G, the Respondents. A, D and G all suffered from “gender identity dysphoria,” or transsexualism. Each had male physical characteristics but female sexual identity. A and G had been …Read more

Mr. and Mrs. Blood were married and attempting to have a family. Unfortunately, Mr. Blood contracted meningitis and went into a coma prior to any conception, so Mrs. Blood requested that doctors take sperm by electro-ejaculation while Mr. Blood was in the coma. The doctors took two different samples, and Mr. Blood passed away soon …Read more

The appellant was a 41-year old, unemployed, diabetic man who suffered from ischaemic heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease, and renal failure. His condition was chronic and irreversible. In order to continue address this condition and prolong his life, he required regular renal dialysis treatment. The appellant had made all efforts to continue treatment privately, but was …Read more

Article 21 of the law dated December 21, 1994 (“article 21”) changed mandatory insurance payments so as to not grant fees (or, in certain cases, to grant lesser fees) to urologists or other non-radiologists specialists for diagnostic medical imagery services. However, fees remained payable to radiologists for those same services. The Belgian Professional Association of Urologists …Read more